Orbital measurements in patients with non-syndromic craniosynostosis

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Original Article

Author Details : Sujithra H, Vaishnavi R

Volume : 3, Issue : 3, Year : 2017

Article Page : 208-212

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Abstract

Context: Congenital craniofacial anomalies are a rare group of disease.  Diagnosis and treatment of this condition is important as the patients develop a series of complications affecting their neurological, visual and social development.
Aim: Study the ophthalmic manifestations in patients with non-syndromic craniosynostosis.
Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed to have non-syndromic craniosynostosis underwent complete ophthalmic evaluation including visual acuity by age appropriate method, cycloplegic refraction, strabismus evaluation, anterior segment and fundus evaluation. Measurement of proptosis, inter pupillary, inter inner canthal and inter outer canthal distances were done.
Results: 28 patients were studied. 13(46.4%) were male and 15(53.6%) were female. Unilateral coronal synostosis was seen in 8 (28.6%) patients, bicoronal synostosis in 4 (14.3%), multiple suture synostosis in 7 (25%) patients, lambdoid synostosis in 2 (7.1%) patients, sagital synostosis in 2 (7.1%) and metopic synostosis in 5(17.9%) patients. 87% of patients had some ophthalmic involvement. Hypertelorism was seen in 10.4% of patients. Hypotelorism was seen in 25% of patients, most of them having metopic synostosis.  Telecanthus without bony hypertelorism was seen in 42% of non-syndromic synostosis. The average inter inner canthal, inter orbital distance were more than normal in all patients.  The average inter pupillary distance, inter outer canthal distance were less than normal in non-syndromic patients. 2 (7.1%) patients had axial proptosis.  Extra-ocular muscle abnormalities were seen in 6 (21.4%) patients.  Inferior oblique over action was seen in 5 (17.9 %) patients, Strabismus in straight gaze in 6 (21.4 %) patients, Ametropia was seen in 10 (35.7 %) patients, visual impairment was seen in 3 (10.7%), anterior segment abnormality in 4 (14.3%) and optic disc abnormalities were seen in 9 (32.1%) patients.
Conclusion: Ophthalmic involvement is common in non-syndromic craniofacial synostosis.  Ophthalmic evaluation should be an integral part of evaluation of the craniosynostosis patients.

Keywords: Craniosynostosis, Non- syndromic craniosynostosis, Unilateral coronal synostosis

How to cite : Sujithra H, Vaishnavi R, Orbital measurements in patients with non-syndromic craniosynostosis. IP Int J Ocul Oncol Oculoplasty 2017;3(3):208-212

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