Ocular findings in population latino-mestiza of patients with renal carcinoma: first report

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Original Article

Author Details : Daniel Moreno-Páramo, Victor Enrique Corona-Montes, Marco Antonio Rayón-Rodríguez, Jonathan Alonso R

Volume : 2, Issue : 4, Year : 2016

Article Page : 227-231

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Abstract

Introduction: In the adult population, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the tenth fourth place representing about 2-3% of cancers worldwide. This tumor metastasizes more frequently to lung, liver, bone, subcutaneous tissue and rare way to choroid. There isn´t currently, an study describing the posterior segment alterations associated with renal cell carcinoma that may arise in the course of the disease and its relationship to the stadium it.
Objective: To evaluate patients diagnosed with RCC to determine the presence of alterations in the posterior segment and its relationship to the stadium it.
Materials and Methods: Observational, transverse and descriptive study of 40 patients (80 eyes) with diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. Demographic data: age, gender, histological type, duration, stage, type of treatment and comorbidities at the time of the review. Measurement variables: visual acuity (LogMAR), biomicroscopy of the anterior segment with slit lamp, photographic record of posterior pole and peripheral retina, retinal fluorescein angiography, electroretinography and optical coherence tomography. Each patient was evaluated by 2 ophthalmologists.
Results: 6 patients were excluded due to retinal changes associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The average age was 55 years (29-78 years), 16 men (47.1%) and 18 women (52.8%), the average time of diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma was 4 months (1-14 months). A total of 33 patients (97%) were treated surgically and 1 (3%) received chemotherapy, the most common histological type was clear cell carcinoma (91.2%) and most patients were in stage II (50 %) at the time of assessment, 4 of them (11.7%) had metastases (stage IV) at diagnosis (lung, skin, bone and choroid respectively). The alterations of posterior segment found during the ophthalmologic evaluation were: choroidal metastases (2.9%), cancer associated retinopathy (2.9%), pigmentary changes in the retinal pigment epithelium of the retina (8.8%) and finally vascular tortuosity (11.7%), 73.5% of patients had a normal posterior segment features. Most patients who had posterior segment alterations were stage IV.
Conclusions: In the renal cell carcinoma can be found pigmentary changes at the level of retinal pigment epithelial, vascular tortuosity, cancer associated retinopathy and metastases choroid, these are more common in advanced stages of the disease and are usually found in a routine examination in patients asymptomatic, and independent treatment established.

Keywords: Renal Carcinoma, Choroidal metastases, Cancer associated Retinopathy

How to cite : Moreno-páramo D, Corona-montes V E, Rayón-rodríguez M A, Jonathan Alonso R, Ocular findings in population latino-mestiza of patients with renal carcinoma: first report. IP Int J Ocul Oncol Oculoplasty 2016;2(4):227-231

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