Oxidative stress in ocular pathologies: A focus on redox balance

• Author Details:   
• Saurabh Dhumane
• Pooja Auti
• Sairaj Sarode
• Ajay Bhagwat
• Aditya Sonawane ^*
• Rohit Doke

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Preserving the delicate balance between the antioxidant defense mechanisms and oxidative stress caused by the accumulation of ROS/RNS is essential for maintaining redox homeostasis, a critical determinant of ocular health. Imbalances in this system result in oxidative stress, a key pathological factor implicated in numerous eye diseases. This review thoroughly looks at the information that is currently available, illuminating the intricate relationship between mitochondrial malfunction and oxidative stress in conditions that impact the anterior and posterior portions of the eye.
Our analysis highlights the pivotal role of redox imbalance in the onset and progression of major eye conditions while emphasizing the therapeutic potential of strategies aimed at restoring redox equilibrium and fostering regenerative responses. These methods might successfully slow down or stop the development of crippling eye conditions. In addition to improving our knowledge of the molecular processes underlying the pathophysiology of ocular diseases, ongoing research in this area makes it easier to identify new antioxidant targets and treatment approaches. These advancements are expected to transform ocular care, introducing targeted treatments that can greatly enhance the standard of living for those who suffer from disorders that endanger their vision.

Keywords: Ocular disorders, Oxidative stress, Redox homeostasis, Diabetic retinopathy, Eye disorders, Cataract